Excavating machine



July 7, 1931. F. A.. BUCKLAND EXCAVATING MACHINE Filed Jan. 9, 1929 11's ATT INVENTOR 2 Sheets-Sheet l July 7, 1931. F. A. BUCKLAND EXCAVATING MACHINE Filed Jan. 9, 1 29 2 Sheets-Sheet 2 INVENTOR BY MONEY Patented July 7, 1931 PATENT OFFICE FRANK A. BUCKLAND, OF ROCHESTER, NEW YORK EXGAVAT'ING MACHINE Application filed January 9, 1929.

p.5 of machines of this class for the purpose of digging, lifting and transferring the loads from one point to another.

- *A further object of the invention is to combine with a digging or scooping appara- H w tus improved means for urging the digging implements into the earth or other materials to be loosened for the purpose of insuring a maximum efliciency in machines of this type.

A further object of the invention is to provide in combination with different types of digging or scooping implements a power operated hammer for driving the implements into the ground to properly loosen or break up the same, one example of such 24 an apparatus being in the combination of the hammer with the usual clam shell buckets of an excavating machine where the hammer blows are delivered during the scooping operations.

. To these and other ends the invention resides in certain improvements and combinations of parts, all as will be hereinafter more fully described, the novel features being pointed out in the claims at the end of the specification.

In the drawings: Fig. 1 is a side elevation of an apparatus embodying one form of the invention with the bucket sections shown in open position as when lowered into engagement with the ground; 1

Fig. 2 is a fragmentary part sectional elevation of the arrangement shown in Fig. 1 as viewed from the right thereof;

Fig. 3 is a sectional plan taken on the line 38 of Fig. 2;

Fig. 1 is a view similar to Fig. 1 with the sections of the buckets shown closed;

Fig. 5 is a view in elevation of the arrangement shown in Fig. 4 as viewed from the right thereof, and

Fig. 6 is a fragmentary sectional elevation taken longitudinally through the hammer for driving the implements during the digging operations.

Serial No. 331,376.

Similar reference numerals throughout the several views indicate the same parts.

With the present'types of excavating mechines the buckets or digging implements are usually dropped by their own weight against the ground and the teeth thereof are relied on to penetrate and loosen the earth to be scooped up by the opposite sections of the bucket when being moved to closed position. This method of digging has been found unsatisfactory under various conditions of operation and particularly where the ground or surface to be broken is comparatively hard as, for example, in cases where the machine is used for breaking up and removing various hard and packed materials such as asphalt, cement, gravel and the like.

In the present invention, I have provided means for elfecting a rapid succession of hammer blows upon an anvil connected with the ground engaging implements to force them into the earth or other materials to be loosened whereby to insure greater efliciency in the use of machines of the digging or excavating type.

Referring to the drawings, 10 represents spaced side frame channels connected at their upper ends by a cross bar 11 and at their lower ends by a pivot member 12 upon which are mounted the arms 13 for supporting the bucket sections 14 which are pro videdwith the usual or any suitable type of teeth 15, as best shown in Figs. 1 and 2. The pivot member 12 has sleeved thereon a bracket 16 forming a spacer for the frame members 10 and having upstanding lugs 17 carrying a pivot bolt 18 on which is journalled a pulley 19 for receiving the usual cable 20 adapted for raising the bucket, the cable being arranged for connection with the hoisting means of the excavating machine not shown and adapted to be operated in the usual or any well known manner.

The bucket sections are provided each with a pair of spaced lugs 21 carrying a pivot member 22 on which is a sleeve 22. *ach sleeve carries a pair of rods forming links 23 connected at their upper ends with another pivot member 24 supported by an anvil comprising a base portion 25 and a head 26. One pair of the links is spaced closer together than the other in order that the upper ends of all of the links may be connected with the pivot member 24, said links and the anvil constituting operating devices for the buckets whereby they are moved one relative to another. The head .of the anvil projects into the lower end of a recessed frame or casing 27 having spaced angle irons 28 secured to its sides which engage the flanges 10 of the side frame channels 10 by which the frame is guided in its up and down movement.

The upper end of the frame has formed therein a piston chamber 29 in which is disposed a piston 30 provided with a piston. rod 31 extending downwardly through a stuffing box 32 and having its lower end detachably connected with aram 34, preferably by means of a suitable number of bolts '35, Fig. 6. This mechanism constitutes the hammer, which may be of any well known type. The ram is guided within the lower end of the casing by a plurality of inwardly projecting ribs 36 engaging corresponding ribs 37 on the ram. The head of the anvil has a limited movement within the casing, being provided with slots 38 through which extend bolts 39 carried by thecasing and provided for the purpose of lifting the anvil. How ever, the bolts do not receive the force of the blow delivered by the ram when the latter is operating, since at such timesthe casing will be lowered approximately to the position shown in Fig. 6.

The upper end of the piston chamber is closed by a plate member 40 carrying a loop 41 with which is connected a cable 42 for supporting the frame or casing 27 between the guide channels 10 and by which the vertical movement of the casing is controlled.

The piston and ram may be operated by pneumatic or steam pressure under the control of a suitable automatic valve mechanism associated with the hammer and which permits a rapid succession of blows by the ram when the sections of the bucket are in low- .ered operating position, it being understood that the valve mechanism may beflof any well know type suitable for the purpose intended. f

In the operation of the apparatus, the buckets will be lowered or dropped in the usual manner by releasing the cable '20 and at the same time letting out the cable 42 to permit the hammer to follow downwardly for operation to deliver a rapid succession -of blows upon the anvil as soon as the teeth of the buckets engage the ground, at which time the air or steam is admitted to the hammer by the automatic valve mechanism, not shown, which, of course, will be under the control of the operator. The operation of the ram in rapidly striking the anvil serves to drive the teeth of the bucket sections into the hard pan or other material being operated upon and at the same time tends to close the bucket by gradually urging the sections inwardly toward each other about the axis of the pivotal support 12. After the sections have been driven downward ly into the earth and toward each other by the hammer sufliciently to insure a full load the cable 20 is raised by the hoisting mechanism to elevate the bucket to the point of discharge. In emptying the bucket the cable 42 is first drawn taut and the lifting cable 20 is then slackened to permit the bucket to open in the usual manner to discharge its contents. It will be seen, therefore, that the repeated blows of the hammer on the anvil head 26 while the frame 2?? slides downwardly in its guides, during the digging operations, will be effective to --both force the bucket sections into the earth and toward each other until afull load has "been obtained for removal to the desired point.

I claim as my invention:

1. In apparatus of the class idescribedthe combination of .a frame, a plurality'of digginimplements connected with the frame for movement one relative .to another thereon, an anvil connected with-the digging implements, lifting means for the anvil movable relative thereto including a cylinder from which the. anvil depends movable upon and a fluid pressure operated piston ,within the cylinder guided by the lifting means and arranged to deliver a succession of blows to the anvil.

'2, In apparatus of the .class described, the combination of a frame, a ground engaging implement mounted for a swinging movement upon the frame, an anvil for receiving succession of blows to drive the implement into the ground, said anvil serving as a lifting means for the implement, means inovable upon the frame for lifting the anvil,

and power operated driving means on said last mentioned means for delivering a 'succession of blows to the anvil.

3. In apparatus of the class described, the

combination of a frame, aground engaging implement mounted to .swlng on the frame, i

an anvil movable relative. to the frame and operatively connected with the implement Ill 1 O for urging it into the groun-d,raising means engaging the anvil and having ajlimited movement relative :to the anvil for llftlng the latter, and driving means for delivering a succession of blows to the anvil including a fluid pressure operated ram and piston guided by the raising means.

4-. In apparatus 10f the class described, the combination of a frame, a ground engaging implement, mounted for movement npon the frame, ope-rating means for the implement lncluding an anvil for receiving a succession of blows to drive the implement into the c ground, a support on the frame for the anvil movable relative thereto, a ram guided by the support for delivering a succession of blows to the anvil, power operated means on the support for actuating the ram, and means for moving the support relative to the frame to move the anvil.

5. In apparatus of the class described, the combination of a frame, a pair of digging implements pivoted thereon, an anvil disposed above said implements, means pivotally connecting the anvil with the implements, and means above the anvil for delivering a succession of blows thereto comprising a support from which the anvil depends, a ram guided by the support and power means on the support for reciprocating the ram whereby it is caused to deliver a succession of blows to the anvil.

6. In apparatus of the class described, the combination of a frame, a digging implement pivoted to swing thereon, an anvil above the implement, a link interposed between the anvil and implement, fluid pressure operated means including a ram and piston for delivering a succession of blows to the anvil and a support for said means arranged to be guided by the frame and frorli which the anvil and implements depen 7. In apparatus of the class described, the combination of a frame, a digging implement pivoted thereon, an anvil above the implement, a connection between the implement and anvil, a support slidably mounted on the frame adapted for lifting the anvil, and fluid pressure operated means on the support including a ram for delivering a succession of blows to the anvil.

8. In apparatus of the class described, the combination of a frame, a pair of scoops pivoted on the frame, an anvil above the scoops, links connecting the anvil with the scoops, means for raising the anvil to effect a pivotal movement of the scoops upon the frame including a cylinder guided by the frame, a fluid pressure operated piston within the cylinder for delivering a succession of blows to the anvil, and means for raising the frame.

9. In apparatus of the class described, the combination of a frame, a pair of bucket sections pivoted thereon, an anvil above the sections, means pivotally connecting the sections with the anvil, a support slidably mounted on the frame having a limiting movement relative to the anvil and arranged to lift the same, means connected with the support for moving it upon the frame, a pneumatically operated piston and ram on the support for delivering a succession of blows to the anvil, a pulley upon the frame, and a lifting cable engaging the pulley.

10. In a device of the class described, the combination of a frame, a pair of digging implements connected with the frame for movement relative thereto during the digging operations and arranged to be raised and lowered into engagement with the material to be operated upon and to be forced inwardly toward each other from an open position during the digging operations, means on the frame for delivering a succession of blows to the implements to drive them downwardly and inwardly toward each other, said means being effective to raise the implements and including fluid pressure operated driving elements.

11. In apparatus of the class described, the combination of a pair of swingingly mounted buckets, upstanding links connected with the buckets, an anvil connecting the upper ends of the links, a lifting device for the anvil having a limited vertical movement relative thereto, fluid pressure operated means upon the lifting device for driving the anvil and means for raising the buckets.

12. In apparatus of the class described, the combination of swingingly mounted digging implements, upstanding members con nected with the implements, a device connecting the upper ends of said members, a frame above said device provided with a cylinder and a piston operating therein, a hammer reciprocally mounted upon the frame for operation by the piston to deliver a succession of blows upon said device, and means for raising the buckets.

13. In apparatus of the class described, a plurality of swingingly mounted digging implements, upstanding guide means connected with the implements, a frame movable vertically upon the guide means, parts interposed between the frame and said implements for transmitting a succession of blows to the latter, fluid pressure operated means movable on the frame for delivering a succession of blows to said parts and means for raising the implements.

14. In apparatus of the class described, a plurality of swingingly mounted digging implements, upstanding guides connected with the implements, a driving head, pivotal connections between the head and the implements, a frame movable vertically upon the guides for lifting the head having a limited movement relative thereto, fluid pressure operated means on the frame for delivering a succession of blows to the head and means for lifting the frame.

15. In apparatus of the class described, a plurality of relatively movable digging implements having a pivotal support, spaced guides connected with and extending upwardly from the support, a driving head located between said guides, means pivotally connecting the driving head with the implements, a frame interposed between the guides connected with and having a limited vertical movement relative to the head and arsuccession of blows to the head, lifting means connected with the frame and raising means connected with the implements.

16. In apparatus of the class described, the combination of swingingly mounted digging implements, devices connected with the implements on which the latter are arranged to swing, fluid pressure operated means including a hammer for striking one of said devices and a cylinder having a piston for driving the hammer to deliver a succession of blows to said last mentioned device and means connected with the implements for swinging them one toward an other during the driving operation of the piston.

the lifting movement, a cylinder on the frame having a pistonv therein arranged to deliver a succession of blows to one ofsaid operating devices, and means foreffecting relative movement between "the frame and,

support.

, FRANK A. BUCKLAND.

l7. In apparatus of the class described, K

the combination of a pivotal support, a plurality of vdigging implements pivotally connected with the support, relatively movable upstanding parts on which the implements are 'mounted to swing, a frame on which said parts are mounted for support, fluid pressure operated driving mechanism on the frame including a piston and hammer mounted adjacent said parts for delivering a succession of blows to the implements to drive them into the ground and raising means for effecting relative movement between said parts and the support whereby to swing the implements one toward another during the driving operation.

18. In apparatus of the class described, the combination of a pivotal support, a pair of buckets pivotally connected therewith, parts on which the buckets are mounted to swing, operating means for opening the buckets includingrelatively movable parts,

fluid pressure operated means on one of said parts including a cylinder having a piston and a hammer arranged to be reciprocated by the piston for delivering a succession of blows to another of said parts and raising means connected with the support for moving it vertically whereby to swing the buck ets one toward another upon said parts.

19.'In apparatus of the class described, the combination of a support, relatively movable digging implements carried by the support, a lifting frame, relatively movable operating devices for saidimplements depending from the frame and arranged to effect relative movement of the implements when the frame is raised and lowered, a cylinder on the frame having a piston therein arranged to deliver a succession of blows p,

to one of said operating devices, and means for raising and lowering the frame.

20. In apparatus of the class described, the combination of a support, relatively movable digging implements carried by the support,'a lifting frame guided by the sup- 

